SAMA5D2 Xplained Board

---

SoC Features

The SAMA5D2 series is a high-performance, ultra-low-power ARM Cortex-A5 processor based MPU. The Cortex A5 processor runs up to 500MHz and features the ARM NEON SIMD engine a 128kB L2 cache and a floating point unit. It supports multiple memories, including latest-generation technologies such as DDR3, LPDDR3, and QSPI Flash. It integrates powerful peripherals for connectivity (EMAC, USB, dual CAN, up to 10 UARTs, etc.) and user interface applications (TFT LCD controller, embedded capacitive touch controller, class D amplifier, audio PLL, CMOS sensor interface, etc.). The devices offer advanced security functions to protect customer code and secure external data transfers. These include ARM TrustZone, tamper detection, secure data storage, hardware encryption engines including private keys, on-the-fly decryption of code stored in external DDR or QSPI memory and a secure boot loader.

Kit Information

Kit Overview

Access the console

The usual serial communication parameters are 115200 8-N-1 :

Baud rate	115200
Data	8 bits
Parity	None
Stop	1 bit
Flow control	None

Access the console on DEBUG serial port

The serial console can be accessed from two connectors. One is from the DEBUG port with the help of a TTL-to-USB serial cable (marked as DEBUG J1), another is from micro-A USB connector that gives access to the on-board serial-to-USB converter (marked as J14 EDBG-USB).

Using DEBUG on TTL-to-USB connector (DEBUG J1)

• For Microsoft Windows users: Install the driver of your USB TTL serial cable. FTDI-based ones are the most popular, have a look to this page to get the driver: http://www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/VCP.htm
• Open JP2 to enable this DEBUG interface
• Be sure to connect a 3.3V compatible cable and identify its GND pin. Place it properly according to the silkscreen and connect the cable to the board (J1)
  • For Microsoft Windows users: Identify the USB connection that is established, USB Serial Port should appear in Device Manager. The COMxx number will be used to configure the terminal emulator.
    
     
  • For Linux users: Identify the serial USB connection by monitoring the last lines of dmesg command. The /dev/ttyUSBx number will be used to configure the terminal emulator.

    [605576.562740] usb 1-1.1.2: new full-speed USB device number 17 using ehci-pci
    [605576.660920] usb 1-1.1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=0403, idProduct=6001
    [605576.660933] usb 1-1.1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
    [605576.660939] usb 1-1.1.2: Product: TTL232R-3V3
    [605576.660944] usb 1-1.1.2: Manufacturer: FTDI
    [605576.660958] usb 1-1.1.2: SerialNumber: FTGNVZ04
    [605576.663092] ftdi_sio 1-1.1.2:1.0: FTDI USB Serial Device converter detected
    [605576.663120] usb 1-1.1.2: Detected FT232RL
    [605576.663122] usb 1-1.1.2: Number of endpoints 2
    [605576.663124] usb 1-1.1.2: Endpoint 1 MaxPacketSize 64
    [605576.663126] usb 1-1.1.2: Endpoint 2 MaxPacketSize 64
    [605576.663128] usb 1-1.1.2: Setting MaxPacketSize 64
    [605576.663483] usb 1-1.1.2: FTDI USB Serial Device converter now attached to ttyUSB0
    

    A /dev/ttyUSB0 node has been created.
• Now open your favorite terminal emulator with appropriate settings

Using the micro-A USB connector (J14 EDBG-USB)

You can also access the serial console through the on-board serial-to-USB converter. In fact, the Atmel EDBG (Embedded Debugger) chip on the Evaluation Kit acts as a serial-to-USB converter and is loaded with a firmware that is able to talk USB-CDC protocol.

• For Microsoft Windows users: Install USB drivers for Atmel and Segger tools. No need to install a driver on any regular Linux distribution.
• Open JP1 to enable EDBG
• Close JP2 to disable de DEBUG port J1 (needed to avoid conflict on the UART TX line)
• Connect the USB cable to the board (J14 EDBG-USB)
  • For Microsoft Windows users: identify the USB connection that is established
    EDBG Virtual COM Port should appear in Device Manager. The COMxx number will be used to configure the terminal emulator.
    
     
  • For Linux users: identify the USB connection by monitoring the last lines of dmesg command. The /dev/ttyACMx number will be used to configure the terminal emulator:

    usb 1-1.1.1: new high-speed USB device number 20 using ehci-pci
    usb 1-1.1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=03eb, idProduct=2111
    usb 1-1.1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
    usb 1-1.1.1: Product: EDBG CMSIS-DAP
    usb 1-1.1.1: Manufacturer: Atmel Corp.
    usb 1-1.1.1: SerialNumber: ATML0000001989463039
    hid-generic 0003:03EB:2111.0007: hiddev0,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Device [Atmel Corp. EDBG CMSIS-DAP] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.1.1/input0
    cdc_acm 1-1.1.1:1.1: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
    

• Now open your favorite terminal emulator with appropriate settings

Demo

Demo archives

Media type	Board	Screen	Binary	Description
Yocto Project / Poky based demo
Boot on SPI Flash + rootfs on eMMC	SAMA5D2 Xplained	-	linux4sam-poky-sama5d2_xplained-headless-2021.04.zip (~ 109 MB) md5: a738d274b98582634d5898c9856336ab	Linux4SAM Yocto Project / Poky based demo compiled from tag linux4sam-2021.04 Follow procedure: #Flash_the_demo
		PDA5" (TM5000 or AC320005-5)	linux4sam-poky-sama5d2_xplained-graphics-2021.04.zip (~ 185 MB) md5: c7abe71be1687157dfdd9a6f66c61ef0
SD Card image	SAMA5D2 Xplained	-	linux4sam-poky-sama5d2_xplained-headless-2021.04.img.bz2 (~ 98 MB) md5: f35c6385524115f9ff9704bc7deb4c1c	Linux4SAM Yocto Project / Poky based demo compiled from tag linux4sam-2021.04 Follow procedure: #Create_a_SD_card_with_the_demo
		PDA5" (TM5000 or AC320005-5)	linux4sam-poky-sama5d2_xplained-graphics-2021.04.img.bz2 (~ 170 MB) md5: 99ae7ce0e4a99be557cff6a85c80bad9
BuildRoot based demo
SD Card image	SAMA5D2 Xplained	-	linux4sam-buildroot-sama5d2_xplained-headless-2021.04.img.bz2 (~ 53 MB) md5: cead4c2da96f1bb4c621d4c3314c6a07	Linux4SAM BuildRoot based demo compiled from tag linux4sam-2021.04 Follow procedure: #Create_a_SD_card_with_the_demo
		PDA5" (TM5000 or AC320005-5)	linux4sam-buildroot-sama5d2_xplained-graphics-2021.04.img.bz2 (~ 164 MB) md5: fa4db1df2afb30a591b227d0215ecb97
OpenWrt based demo
SD Card image	SAMA5D2 Xplained	-	linux4sam-openwrt-sama5d2_xplained-headless-2021.04.img.gz (~ 13 MB) md5: a67f149c335f2891d805ee625a7da48c	Linux4SAM OpenWrt based demo compiled from tag linux4sam-2021.04 Follow procedure: #Create_a_SD_card_with_the_demo

Create a SD card with the demo

You need a 1 GB SD card (or more) and to download the image of the demo. The image is compressed to reduce the amount of data to download. This image contains:

• a FAT32 partition with the AT91Bootstrap, U-Boot and the Linux Kernel (zImage and dtb).
• an EXT4 partition for the rootfs.

Multi-platform procedure

To write the compressed image on the SD card, you will have to download and install Etcher. This tool, which is an Open Source software, is useful since it allows to get a compressed image as input. More information and extra help available on the Etcher website.

• Insert your SD card and launch Etcher:

1. Select the demo image. They are marked as "SD Card image" in the demo table above.
   Note that you can select a compressed image (like the demos available here). The tool is able to uncompress files on the fly
2. Select the device corresponding to your SD card (Etcher proposes you the devices that are removable to avoid erasing your system disk)
3. Click on the Flash! button
4. On Linux, Etcher finally asks you to enter your root password because it needs access to the hardware (your SD card reader or USB to SD card converter)
5. then the flashing process begins followed by a verification phase (optional)

• Once writing done, Etcher asks you if you want to burn another demo image:

• Your SD card is ready!

Flash the demo

If you need to store the root filesystem on a SD Card, use information contained in StroreRootFSonSD. This is useful for Linux4SAM demos older than 5.6.

use SAM-BA 3.5.y onwards. You can download it here: SAM-BA 3.x release page.

Connect the USB to the board before launching SAM-BA

• Short the JP9 (BOOT_DIS) to prevents booting from eMMC or serial Flash by disabling Flash Chip Selects
• Connect a USB micro-A cable to the board (J23 A5-USB-A). It powers the board
• check whether the board is found in your PC as a USB device:
  • For Microsoft Windows users: verify that the USB connection is well established
    AT91 USB to Serial Converter should appear in Device Manager. If it shows a unknown device you need to download and install the driver: AT91SAM USB CDC driver
    
     
  • For Linux users: check /dev/ttyACMx by monitoring the last lines of dmesg command:
    

[172677.700868] usb 2-1.4.4: new full-speed USB device number 31 using ehci-pci
[172677.792677] usb 2-1.4.4: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[172677.793418] usb 2-1.4.4: New USB device found, idVendor=03eb, idProduct=6124
[172677.793424] usb 2-1.4.4: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[172677.793897] cdc_acm 2-1.4.4:1.0: This device cannot do calls on its own. It is not a modem.
[172677.793924] cdc_acm 2-1.4.4:1.0: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
   

idVendor=03eb, idProduct=6124: from this message you can see it's Microchip board USB connection.

• Open the JP9 (BOOT_DIS) to reactivate access to the on-board Flash devices

Run script to flash the demo

• download the demo package for the board. They are marked as "Media type: Boot on SPI Flash + rootfs on eMMC" in the table above
• extract the demo package
• run your usual terminal emulator and enter the demo directory
• make sure that the sam-ba application is in your Operating System path so that you can reach it from your demo package directory
• for Microsoft Windows users: Launch the demo_linux_serialflash.bat file
• for Linux users: Launch the demo_linux_serialflash.sh file
• this script runs SAM-BA 3 and the associated QML sam-ba script (demo_linux_serialflash_usb.qml) with proper parameters
• when you reach the end of the flashing process (this will take a few minutes), the following line is written:

  -I- === Done. ===

• connect a serial link on DBGU and open the terminal emulator program as explained just above
• power cycle the board
• monitor the system while it's booting on the LCD screen or through the serial line

Build From source code

Setup ARM Cross Compiler

• Ubuntu:
  In Ubuntu, you can install the ARM Cross Compiler by doing:

  sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
  export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi-
     

• Others:
  For others, you can download the Linaro cross compiler and setup the environment by doing:

  wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/7.3-2018.05/arm-linux-gnueabi/gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz
  tar xf gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz
  export CROSS_COMPILE=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-
     

Build AT91Bootstrap from sources

This section describes how to get source code from the git repository, how to configure with the default configuration, how to customize AT91Bootstrap based on the default configuration and finally to build AT91Bootstrap to produce the binary. take the default configuration to download U-Boot from NandFlash for example.

Get AT91Bootstrap Source Code

You can easily download AT91Bootstrap source code on the at91bootstrap git repository.

To get the source code, you should clone the repository by doing:

$ git clone git://github.com/linux4sam/at91bootstrap.git
Cloning into 'at91bootstrap'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 51, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (51/51), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (32/32), done.
remote: Total 10880 (delta 20), reused 39 (delta 19), pack-reused 10829
Receiving objects: 100% (10880/10880), 4.03 MiB | 395.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (8300/8300), done.
$ cd at91bootstrap/

Configure AT91Bootstrap

Assuming you are at the AT91Bootstrap root directory, you will find a configs folder which contains several default configuration files:

sama5d2_xplaineddf_uboot_defconfig
sama5d2_xplainedsd_uboot_defconfig

Tips: nf means to read nandflash, df means to read serial flash, sd means to read mmc card.

You can configure AT91Bootstrap to load U-Boot binary from SPI flash by doing:

$ make mrproper
$ make sama5d2_xplaineddf_uboot_defconfig

If the configuring process is successful, the .config file can be found at AT91Bootstrap root directory.

Customize AT91Bootstrap

If the default configuration doesn't meet your need, after configuring with the default configuration, you can customize it by doing:

$ make menuconfig

Now, in the menuconfig dialog, you can easily add or remove some features to/from AT91Bootstrap as the same way as kernel configuration.
Move to <Exit> with arrows and press this button hitting the Enter key to exit from this screen.

Build AT91Bootstrap

Then you can build the AT91Bootstrap binary by doing:

$ make

If the building process is successful, the final .bin image is build/binaries/at91bootstrap.bin.

Build U-Boot from sources

Getting U-Boot sources

Dedicated page on U-Boot wiki: http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/SourceCode

You can easily download U-Boot source code from Linux4SAM GitHub U-Boot repository:

• clone the Linux4sam GitHub U-Boot repository

     $ git clone git://github.com/linux4sam/u-boot-at91.git
     Cloning into 'u-boot-at91'...
     remote: Enumerating objects: 106920, done.
     remote: Counting objects: 100% (106920/106920), done.
     remote: Compressing objects: 100% (24617/24617), done.
     remote: Total 566593 (delta 84756), reused 96342 (delta 81351), pack-reused 459673
     Receiving objects: 100% (566593/566593), 131.67 MiB | 430.00 KiB/s, done.
     Resolving deltas: 100% (456142/456142), done.
     $ cd u-boot-at91
     

• The source code has been taken from the master branch which is pointing to the latest branch we use. If you want to use the other branch, you can list them and use one of them by doing:

     $ git branch -r
     origin/HEAD -> origin/master
     origin/master
     origin/u-boot-2012.10-at91
     origin/u-boot-2013.07-at91
     origin/u-boot-2014.07-at91
     origin/u-boot-2015.01-at91
     origin/u-boot-2016.03-at91
     origin/u-boot-2017.03-at91
     origin/u-boot-2018.07-at91
     origin/u-boot-2019.04-at91
     origin/u-boot-2020.01-at91
     origin/u-boot-2021.04-at91
     origin/uboot_5series_1.x
     $ git checkout origin/u-boot-2021.04-at91 -b u-boot-2021.04-at91
     Branch u-boot-2021.04-at91 set up to track remote branch u-boot-2021.04-at91 from origin.
     Switched to a new branch 'u-boot-2021.04-at91'
     

Cross-compiling U-Boot

Before compiling the U-Boot, you need setup cross compile toolchain in the section.

Latest versions of U-boot (2018.07 and newer) have a minimum requirement of 6.0 version of the GCC toolchain. We always recommend to use the latest versions.

Once the AT91 U-Boot sources available, cross-compile U-Boot is made in two steps: configuration and compiling. Check the Configuration chapter in U-Boot reference manual.

Go to the configs/ to find the exact target when invoking make.

The U-Boot environment variables can be stored in different media, above config files can specify where to store the U-Boot environment.

   # To put environment variables in serial flash:
   sama5d2_xplained_spiflash_defconfig
   # To put environment variables in SD/MMC card:
   sama5d2_xplained_mmc_defconfig

Here are the building steps for the SAMA5D2-Xplained board:

# You can change the config according to your needs.
make sama5d2_xplained_spiflash_defconfig
make

The result of these operations is a fresh U-Boot binary called u-boot.bin corresponding to the binary ELF file u-boot.

• u-boot.bin is the file you should store on the board
• u-boot is the ELF format binary file you may use to debug U-Boot through a JTag link for instance.

Build Kernel from sources

Getting Kernel sources

To get the source code, you have to clone the repository:

$ git clone git://github.com/linux4sam/linux-at91.git
Cloning into 'linux-at91'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 50, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (50/50), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (44/44), done.
remote: Total 7282027 (delta 24), reused 17 (delta 6), pack-reused 7281977
Receiving objects: 100% (7282027/7282027), 2.09 GiB | 15.93 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (6114478/6114478), done.
Checking out files: 100% (61813/61813), done.
$ cd linux-at91

The source code has been taken from the master branch which is pointing on the latest branch we use.

Note that you can also add this Linux4SAM repository as a remote GIT repository to your usual Linux git tree. It will save you a lot of bandwidth and download time:

$ git remote add linux4sam git://github.com/linux4sam/linux-at91.git
$ git remote update linux4sam
Fetching linux4sam
From git://github.com/linux4sam/linux-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-2.6.39-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-2.6.39-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-3.10-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-3.10-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-3.15-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-3.15-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-3.18-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-3.18-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-3.4.9-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-3.4.9-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-3.6.9-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-3.6.9-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-4.1-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-4.1-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-4.4-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-4.4-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-4.9-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-4.9-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-4.14-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-4.14-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-4.19-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-4.19-at91
 * [new branch]                linux-5.4-at91 -> linux4sam/linux-5.4-at91
 * [new branch]                master     -> linux4sam/master

If you want to use an other branch, you can list them and use one of them by doing this:

$ git branch -r
  origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  origin/linux-2.6.39-at91
  origin/linux-3.10-at91
  origin/linux-3.15-at91
  origin/linux-3.18-at91
  origin/linux-3.4.9-at91
  origin/linux-3.6.9-at91
  origin/linux-4.1-at91
  origin/linux-4.4-at91
  origin/linux-4.9-at91
  origin/linux-4.14-at91
  origin/linux-4.19-at91
  origin/linux-5.4-at91
  origin/master
$ git checkout origin/linux-5.4-at91 -b linux-5.4-at91
Branch linux-5.4-at91 set up to track remote branch linux-5.4-at91 from origin.
Switched to a new branch 'linux-5.4-at91'

Configure and Build the Linux kernel

Now you have to configure the Linux kernel according to your hardware. We have two default configuration at91 SoC in arch/arm/configs

arch/arm/configs/at91_dt_defconfig
arch/arm/configs/sama5_defconfig

• at91_dt_defconfig: for SAM9 (ARM926) series chips
• sama5_defconfig: for SAMA5 series chips

Now we Configure and Build kernel for sama5d2_xplained board:

$ make ARCH=arm sama5_defconfig
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.lex.c
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
  HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf
#
# configuration written to .config
#

At this step, you can modify default configuration using the menuconfig

$ make ARCH=arm menuconfig

Now, in the menuconfig dialog, you can easily add or remove some features. Once done, Move to <Exit> with arrows and press this button hitting the Enter key to exit from this screen.

Build the Linux kernel image, before you build you need set up the cross compile toolchain, check this section.

$ make ARCH=arm

[..]

  Kernel: arch/arm/boot/Image is ready
  Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready

Now you have an usable compressed kernel image zImage.

If you need an uImage you can run this additional step:

make ARCH=arm uImage LOADADDR=0x20008000

[..]

  Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready
  UIMAGE  arch/arm/boot/uImage
Image Name:   Linux-4.1.0-linux4sam_5.3+
Created:      Fri Sep  9 17:02:45 2016
Image Type:   ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size:    3441072 Bytes = 3360.42 kB = 3.28 MB
Load Address: 20008000
Entry Point:  20008000
  Image arch/arm/boot/uImage is ready

make ARCH=arm dtbs

[..]
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-kizbox2.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-nattis-2-natte-2.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d27_som1_ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d2_ptc_ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d2_xplained.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d3_xplained.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-tse850-3.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d31ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d33ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d34ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d35ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d36ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/sama5d36ek_cmp.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d4_ma5d4evk.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d4_xplained.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d4ek.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-sama5d4ek_isi.dtb
  DTC     arch/arm/boot/dts/at91-vinco.dtb
[..]

If the building process is successful, the final images can be found under arch/arm/boot/ directory.

Build Yocto/Poky rootfs from sources

Note that building an entire distribution is a long process. It also requires a big amount of free disk space.

The support for Atmel AT91 SoC family is included in a particular Yocto layer: meta-atmel. The source for this layer are hosted on Linux4SAM GitHub account: https://github.com/linux4sam/meta-atmel

Building environment

A step-by-step comprehensive installation is explained in the Yocto Project Quick Start. The following lines have to be considered as an add-on that is AT91 specific or that can facilitate your setup.

Prerequisite

Here are the reference pages for setting up a Yocto building environment: What You Need and How You Get It.

Step by step build procedure

here is a copy of the README procedure available directly in the meta-atmel layer. This file in the meta-atmel layer repository must be considered as the reference and the following copy can be out-of-sync.

starting with Linux4SAM 2021.04 release, the meta-atmel layer supports Yocto templates, so make sure you create a new build environment using oe-init-build-env

This layer provides support for Microchip microprocessors (aka AT91)
====================================================================

For more information about the Microchip MPU product line see:
http://www.microchip.com/design-centers/32-bit-mpus
Linux & Open Source on Microchip microprocessors:
http://www.linux4sam.org


Supported SoCs / MACHINE names
==============================
Note that most of the machine names below, have a SD Card variant that can be
built by adding an "-sd" suffix to the machine name.
- SAMA5D2 product family / sama5d2-xplained, sama5d2-xplained-emmc, sama5d27-som1-ek-sd, sama5d2-ptc-ek, sama5d2-icp, sama5d27-wlsom1-ek-sd
- SAMA5D4 product family / sama5d4ek, sama5d4-xplained
- SAMA5D3 product family / sama5d3xek, sama5d3-xplained
- AT91SAM9x5 product family (AT91SAM9G15, AT91SAM9G25, AT91SAM9X25, AT91SAM9G35 and AT91SAM9X35) / at91sam9x5ek
- AT91SAM9RL / at91sam9rlek
- AT91SAM9G45 / at91sam9m10g45ek
- SAM9X60 / sam9x60ek
- SAMA7G5 / sama7g5ek-sd, sama7g5ek-emmc


Sources
=======
- meta-atmel
URI: git://github.com/linux4sam/meta-atmel.git
URI: https://github.com/linux4sam/meta-atmel.git
Branch: dunfell


Dependencies
============
This Layer depends on :
- poky
URI: git://git.yoctoproject.org/poky
Branch: dunfell
Tag: 43060f59ba60a0257864f1f7b25b51fac3f2d2cf

- meta-openembedded
URI: git://git.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded
URI: http://cgit.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded/
Branch: dunfell
Tag: 85f8047c71047d93cf79a954142157f85079968d

- meta-aws (for AWS Greengrass)
URI: git://github.com/aws/meta-aws.git
URI: https://github.com/aws/meta-aws
Branch: dunfell
Tag: e34ed15a87e36fa4199c63a184630fa370abac55

Build procedure
===============

0/ Create a directory
mkdir my_dir
cd my_dir

1/ Clone yocto/poky git repository with the proper branch ready
git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/poky -b dunfell

2/ Clone meta-openembedded git repository with the proper branch ready
git clone git://git.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded -b dunfell

3/ Clone meta-aws git repository with the proper branch ready (optional)
git clone git://github.com/aws/meta-aws -b dunfell

4/ Clone meta-atmel layer with the proper branch ready
git clone git://github.com/linux4sam/meta-atmel.git -b dunfell

5/ Enter the poky directory to configure the build system and start the build process
cd poky

6/ Change TEMPLATECONF from .templateconf to:
export TEMPLATECONF=${TEMPLATECONF:-../meta-atmel/conf}
Note: If it's the first time you use Yocto Project templates, and if the
build-microchip directory remains from a previous use, we advice you start
from a fresh directory. Keep your build-microchip/conf/local.conf file for
reference.

7/ Initialize build directory
source oe-init-build-env build-microchip

8/ To build a small image provided by Yocto Project:
[MACHINE=] bitbake core-image-minimal

Example for sama5d2-xplained-sd SD card image:
MACHINE=sama5d2-xplained-sd bitbake core-image-minimal

9/ To build the microchip image with no graphics support:
[MACHINE=] bitbake microchip-headless-image

Example for sama5d2-xplained-sd SD card image:
MACHINE=sama5d2-xplained-sd bitbake microchip-headless-image

10/ To build the microchip image with graphics support (EGT):
[MACHINE=] bitbake microchip-graphics-image

Example for sama5d2-xplained-sd SD card image:
MACHINE=sama5d2-xplained-sd bitbake microchip-graphics-image

Typical bitbake output
======================
BB_VERSION           = "1.46.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "arm-poky-linux-gnueabi"
MACHINE              = "sama5d2-xplained-sd"
DISTRO               = "poky-atmel"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "3.1.9"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "arm vfp cortexa5 neon vfpv4 thumb callconvention-hard"
TARGET_FPU           = "hard"
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       = "dunfell:43060f59ba60a0257864f1f7b25b51fac3f2d2cf"
meta-oe              
meta-networking      
meta-webserver       
meta-python          
meta-initramfs       = "dunfell:85f8047c71047d93cf79a954142157f85079968d"
meta-atmel           = "dunfell:c9498d19ed964ed4ad2ba9a23c0ab7b7dd56f4c1"
meta-multimedia      = "dunfell:85f8047c71047d93cf79a954142157f85079968d"

Contributing
============
To contribute to this layer you should submit the patches for review to:
the github pull-request facility directly or the forum. Anyway, don't forget to
Cc the maintainers.

Microchip Forum:
https://www.microchip.com/forums/f542.aspx

for some useful guidelines to be followed when submitting patches:
http://www.openembedded.org/wiki/How_to_submit_a_patch_to_OpenEmbedded

Maintainers:
Codrin Ciubotariu 
Nicolas Ferre 

When creating patches insert the [meta-atmel] tag in the subject, for example
use something like:
git format-patch -s --subject-prefix='meta-atmel][PATCH' 

Using SAM-BA to flash components to board

SPI + eMMC Flash demo - Memory map

Install SAM-BA software in your PC

In addition to the official SAM-BA pages on http://www.microchip.com, we maintain information about SAM-BA in the SoftwareTools page.

use SAM-BA 3.5.y onwards. You can download it here: SAM-BA 3.x release page.

Launch SAM-BA tools

• According to this section make sure that the chip can execute the SAM-BA Monitor.

In addition to the Qt5 QML language for scripting used for flashing the demos, most common SAM-BA action can be done using SAM-BA command line.

For browsing information on the SAM-BA command line usage, please see the Command Line Documentation that is available in the SAM-BA installation directory: doc/index.html or doc/cmdline.html .

SAM-BA includes command line interface that provides support for the most common actions:

• reading / writing to arbitrary memory addresses and/or peripherals
• uploading applets and using them to erase/read/write external memories

The command line interface is designed to be self-documenting.

The main commands can be listed using the "sam-ba --help" command:

SAM-BA Command Line Tool v3.5
Copyright 2018 Microchip Technology

Usage: ./sam-ba [options]
SAM-BA Command Line Tool

Options:
  -v, --version                          Displays version information.
  -h, --help                             Displays this help.
  -t, --tracelevel <trace_level>         Set trace level to <trace_level>.
  -L, --applet-buffer-limit <SIZE>       Set applet buffer limit to <SIZE>
                                         bytes (default 131072).
  -x, --execute <script.qml>             Execute script <script.qml>.
  -p, --port <port[:options:...]>        Communicate with device using <port>.
  -d, --device <device[:options:...]>    Connected device is <device>.
  -b, --board <board[:options:...]>      Connected board is <board>.
  -m, --monitor <command[:options:...]>  Run monitor command <command>.
  -a, --applet <applet[:options:...]>    Load and initialize applet <applet>.
  -c, --command <command[:args:...]>     Run command <command>.
  -w, --working-directory <DIR>          Set working directory to <DIR>.

Additional help can be obtained for most commands by supplying a "help" parameter that will display their usage.

For example "sam-ba --port help" will display:

Known ports: j-link, serial, secure

Command that take an argument with options (port, monitor, applet) will display even more documentation when called with "help" as option value.

For example "sam-ba --port serial:help" will display:

Syntax:
    serial:[<port>]:[<baudrate>]
Examples:
    serial                serial port (will use first AT91 USB if found otherwise first serial port)
    serial:COM80          serial port on COM80
    serial:ttyUSB0:57600  serial port on /dev/ttyUSB0, baudrate 57600

Programming components into SPI flash

Program AT91Bootstrap binary

Run SAM-BA with USB connection (equivalent to serial) and erase the beginning of the SPI flash and then write AT91Bootstrap binary:

# sam-ba -p serial -b sama5d2-xplained -a serialflash -c erase::0x3000 -c writeboot:at91bootstrap-sama5d2_xplained.bin
Opening serial port 'ttyACM0'
Connection opened.
Detected memory size is 4194304 bytes.
Page size is 256 bytes.
Buffer is 93952 bytes (367 pages) at address 0x002290c0.
Supported erase block sizes: 4KB, 32KB, 64KB
Executing command 'erase::0x3000'
Erased 4096 bytes at address 0x00000000 (33.33%)
Erased 4096 bytes at address 0x00001000 (66.67%)
Erased 4096 bytes at address 0x00002000 (100.00%)
Executing command 'writeboot:at91bootstrap-sama5d2_xplained.bin'
Appending 56 bytes of padding to fill the last written page
Wrote 10752 bytes at address 0x00000000 (100.00%)
Connection closed.

Note that you can run several commands on the same SAM-BA invocation.

Program U-Boot binary

Run SAM-BA with USB connection (equivalent to serial) and erase the U-Boot section in the SPI flash memory map and then write U-Boot binary:

# sam-ba -p serial -b sama5d2-xplained -a serialflash -c erase:0x8000:0x70000 -c write:u-boot-sama5d2-xplained.bin:0x8000
Opening serial port 'ttyACM0'
Connection opened.
Detected memory size is 4194304 bytes.
Page size is 256 bytes.
Buffer is 93952 bytes (367 pages) at address 0x002290c0.
Supported erase block sizes: 4KB, 32KB, 64KB
Executing command 'erase:0x8000:0x70000'
Erased 32768 bytes at address 0x00008000 (7.14%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00010000 (21.43%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00020000 (35.71%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00030000 (50.00%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00040000 (64.29%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00050000 (78.57%)
Erased 65536 bytes at address 0x00060000 (92.86%)
Erased 32768 bytes at address 0x00070000 (100.00%)
Executing command 'write:u-boot-sama5d2-xplained.bin:0x8000'
Appending 118 bytes of padding to fill the last written page
Wrote 93952 bytes at address 0x00008000 (23.30%)
Wrote 93952 bytes at address 0x0001ef00 (46.60%)
Wrote 93952 bytes at address 0x00035e00 (69.90%)
Wrote 93952 bytes at address 0x0004cd00 (93.21%)
Wrote 27392 bytes at address 0x00063c00 (100.00%)
Connection closed.

Programming components into eMMC flash

Program rootfs file

With SAM-BA you can directly program SD/MMC images to the on-board eMMC. These images are named *.img or *.wic for the ones generated by Yocto Project.

# sam-ba -p serial -b sama5d2-xplained -a sdmmc -c write:atmel-qt5-demo-image-sama5d2-xplained.wic
Opening serial port 'ttyACM0'
Connection opened.
Detected memory size is 3925868544 bytes.
Page size is 512 bytes.
Buffer is 88576 bytes (173 pages) at address 0x0022a5a0.
Executing command 'write:atmel-qt5-demo-image-sama5d2-xplained.wic'
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x00000000 (0.02%)
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x00015a00 (0.04%)
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x0002b400 (0.05%)
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x00040e00 (0.07%)
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x00056800 (0.09%)
[..]
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x1d4e8600 (99.98%)
Wrote 88576 bytes at address 0x1d4fe000 (100.00%)
Wrote 4608 bytes at address 0x1d513a00 (100.00%)
Connection closed.

Note that programming a rootfs of several hundreds of MiB will take a few minutes to complete.

Recent FAQ

Sama5d2Xplained

• Using ISC: How to use the Image Sensor Controller. (Kernel, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Build Issue Open Wrt Ubuntu 2004: OpenWrt build error on Ubuntu 20.04. (BuildRoot, OpenWrt)
• Crypto Config: How to configure Crypto driver. (Kernel, linux-3.18-at91, linux-4.1-at91, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• USBGadget Config: Configure AT91 USB Gadget on Linux and Endpoint order management (composite USB). (Kernel, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Pwm Faq: PWM Driver. (Kernel, linux-3.10-at91, linux-3.18-at91, linux-4.1-at91, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Using Atmel DRMDriver: Using Atmel KMS/DRM LCD driver. (Kernel, linux-3.18-at91, linux-4.1-at91, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• External Component On EBI: Connecting an external component on the External Bus Interface. (Kernel, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Using SAMA 5 D 2 ADCDevice: Using the SAMA5D2-compatible ADC device. (Kernel, linux-4.1-at91, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Using Max Touch: Introduction for how to use MaxTouch. (Kernel, linux-3.18-at91, linux-4.1-at91, linux-4.4-at91, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• ISCWhite Balance Features: White balance features of the Image sensor controller.. (Kernel, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Using SAMA 5 D 2 Resistive Touchscreen: Guide for SAMA5D2 Resistive Touchscreen. (Kernel, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Using I 2 SC: How to use I2SC. (Kernel, linux-4.9-at91, linux-4.14-at91, linux-4.19-at91, linux-5.4-at91, linux-5.10-at91)
• Convert SAMBAScript: SAM-BA API revisions. (SAM-BA)
• U-Boot FAQ: Some U-Boot FAQ entries. (U-Boot)
• Hasherrorwhenbooting FITimage: . (U-Boot)
• Using FITwith Overlays: How to use U-boot with FIT image to load overlays. (U-Boot, Kernel)